What’s the topic for today?
Antifreeze Poisoning
Is antifreeze dangerous?
Yes, antifreeze from car radiators can be fatal even in small amounts, as it contains ethylene glycol, which destroys the kidneys.
Are animals likely to drink antifreeze?
Yes. It has a sweet taste, so dogs find it very palatable. The important message for today is don’t leave puddles of antifreeze lying around after draining the car’s radiator. It is particularly dangerous in areas that get heavy frosts.
Why is that?
Animals can’t drink from frozen puddles. Puddles containing antifreeze don’t freeze, so animals are more likely to drink from them if everything else is frozen over.
Does this happen in New Zealand?
Yes, occasionally. Whole flocks of wild birds have died from drinking from the same unfrozen puddle.
What are the symptoms?
Initially, vomiting and wobbliness & and lethargy. Once the kidneys become damaged, they start to drink and urinate a lot and eventually go into convulsions. Ultimately, they die of kidney failure.
Is there any treatment?
Once the kidneys have been damaged, the damage is irreversible. If we see the animal early enough, though, we can try to prevent the kidney damage.
How can you prevent kidney failure?
Early treatment is crucial. We may induce vomiting and give agents to prevent absorption, & intravenous fluids to help protect the kidneys. We may also give intravenous vodka.
VODKA?
Yes, that’s right. Any source of alcohol would do, but vodka is relatively strong and pure.
How does vodka help?
Alcohol stops the liver from converting the antifreeze into the toxic substance that damages the kidneys. The kidneys can then remove the antifreeze from the body without becoming damaged.
How successful is the treatment?
Good if we catch it early enough. Antifreeze is absorbed very quickly, so if we are going to help, we need to start treatment as soon as possible. Unfortunately, often the owner is unaware that their pet has drunk antifreeze, so we usually don’t see them until the symptoms have already started. Once the kidneys are damaged, it is too late.
So the message for today is to be careful when handling antifreeze around pets and dispose of it carefully. If you suspect that your pet has consumed antifreeze, contact your vet immediately. If you find a spill, keep your pets away from it and clean it up immediately. If your dog or cat has walked through it, wash their paws thoroughly with soap & water.